What was the Jonestown Cult? The Peoples Temple, led by Jim Jones, was a notorious cult that ended in the tragic mass murder-suicide of over 900 of its members in Jonestown, Guyana in 1978. While its shocking end makes it stand out, many of the manipulative tactics and situational factors that allowed Jones to exert such control were not unique. As the saying goes, in most cults, little of what is good is original, and little of what is original is good. By examining the Peoples Temple and Jonestown, we can gain...

The Tragedy of the Branch Davidians: Abuse, Control, and the Perils of Charismatic Leadership Who was David Koresh? The 1993 Waco siege that ended in the fiery deaths of David Koresh and over 70 of his Branch Davidian followers shocked the world. But upon closer examination, the tactics Koresh used to ensnare and control his followers were not entirely unique. While the Branch Davidians took them to deadly extremes, elements of Koresh's playbook can be found in other cults as well as abusive interpersonal...

The Manson Family Cult: Origins, Influence, and Lessons Stolen and Reappropriated Elements The beliefs and practices of cults often combine unoriginal elements in novel but misguided ways. The Manson Family was no exception, drawing from various psychological models, religious traditions, and pseudoscientific ideas of the era. Charles Manson, the cult's charismatic leader, wove together a patchwork theology that included references to Scientology's concept of "clearing," the Process Church's worship of both...

What was the Aum Shinrikyo Cult? Cultural Anxieties, Psychological Manipulation, and a Cult's Deadly Legacy Stealing from Other Systems Aum Shinrikyo, like many cults, appropriated and repackaged beliefs and practices from various religions, philosophies, and scientific fields, rather than developing a wholly original worldview. The group cobbled together elements of Buddhism, Hinduism, Christianity and New Age spirituality into an eclectic amalgam used to justify their leader's authority. Aum's central practice...

What was the "Sullivans" Psychotherapy Cult? The Sullivanian Institute, a notorious psychotherapy cult that operated in New York City from the 1950s through the 1980s, exemplifies the adage that in cults, nothing good is original and nothing original is good. Many of its core practices and beliefs were repackaged from other psychological models, religious traditions, and scientific theories: The emphasis on interpersonal dynamics in therapy sessions was adapted from the work of psychiatrist Harry Stack Sullivan,...